How did the Meos become Muslims?

Nowadays, news frequently appears that in the Muslim-majority areas of Mewat, atrocities are committed against Hindus and Hindus are forced to migrate. To understand how this region, spread across Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, and Rajasthan, which was once 100% Hindu, reached a state where the population of Hindus has become so minuscule and their strength so diminished, one must study that period of history when Islamic rule was being established in northern India with Delhi as its center. In the second battle of Tarain, Prithviraj Chauhan was defeated, and Islamic rule was established over Delhi by Muhammad Ghori. Ghori handed over his Indian territories to his slave Qutb-ud-din Aibak, and after the incompetent son of Qutb-ud-din, Aram Shah, those territories passed to his slave Iltutmish. From Iltutmish, the kingdom passed through Razia, Muiz ud din Bahram Shah, and Alauddin Masud Shah, eventually coming under the control of Ghiyas-ud-din Balban.

An order was given for the execution of all males above the age of twelve years. In this massacre, over 100,000 individuals were killed, and thousands of women were turned into slaves and sold off.

During this time, many small and large Hindu states in present-day Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, and Haryana continued to fight for their freedom from this newly established mlechchha power. Most of the time of the aforementioned rulers was spent in these very wars and rebellions. The Hindus of the Mewat region were naturally lovers of freedom and did not like Islamic servitude. They were people of a valiant disposition, but they did not have a centralized state through which they could wage a struggle against this tyrannical power in Delhi. Therefore, they adopted guerrilla tactics. The Mewatis began launching raids into the territories of the Turks. Their attacks created absolute panic in the capital of the Sultanate.

Regarding the Mewatis, the contemporary court historian Ziauddin Barni writes, "They frequently attacked at night and devastated the settlements. People could not sleep out of fear. The Mewatis had devastated the settlements around Delhi. These people specifically targeted Muslims." Thus, by the time of Ghiyas-ud-din Balban, the guerrilla warfare of the Mewati Hindus had become a major problem.

Balban was a staunch Sunni Muslim. For him, the kafir Hindu deserved either enslavement or, upon refusing servitude, execution. And here, there was also a political motive to demonstrate cruelty. Balban made the suppression of the rebellion in Mewat his top priority. He encamped in the region with a massive army. Forests were cleared. An order was given for the execution of all males above the age of twelve years. In this massacre, over 100,000 individuals were killed, and thousands of women were turned into slaves and sold off. New forts and military cantonments were constructed in this region. The consequence of this horrific event manifested as the conversion of Hindus and the continuous growth of the Muslim population in this region, a process that continues to this day.

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